Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), an acute damage of the lungs, is associated with a significant health and economic impact. It also requires intensive medical and pharmaceutical care. In the Indian scenario, ARDS has an incidence rate of 11.4% among the ventilated patients and a mortality of 41.8% among teh ARDS patients. While there are several management strategies available, the epidemiological burden still remains very high. Additionally, in countries like India, there is lack of information on the pidemiological pattern and factors affecting the outcomes in ARDS patients. Addressing these factors, Rashid and colleacgues conducted a retrospective observational study to investigate the clinical profile, treatment pattern, and outcomes in adult patients with ARDS.
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The retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Karnataka, South India. Medical records of 857 participants were included; among these 407 recovered (47.49% recovery rate). During clinical presentation, most patients had fever (70.9%), followed by crepitation (58.3%), breathlessness (56.9%) and cough (45%). Sepsis as a risk factor for ARDS was seen in 37.6% patients; this was followed by pneumonia (33.3%), septic shock (27.5%), and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS, 14.7%) as the other major risk factors. The recovered group had higher average hospitalization days and higher average intensive care unit (ICU) days than those who did not recover. The average ventilation days were higher in the non-recovered group (4.50 ± 5.00 days) compared to the recovered group.
In conclusion :
- This study highlights that the non-recovery rate from ARDS scores over the cure despite a modern system of medication.
- The independent predictors of non-recovery in this study include advanced age, sepsis, septic shock, liver diseases, and ventilation requirements.
Adapted from Rashid M, Ramakrishnan M, Muthu DS, et al. Factors affecting the outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in a tertiary care setting, Clin Epidemiol Glob Health. 2022 Jan-